A Complete Writing Curriculum Designed to Support Indiana Students

Strategy #1

Dedicated Writing Time

Although applying writing skills naturally happens in other subject areas, studies support having a dedicated writing time where students can receive adequate practice and instruction in writing.

Graham, S. (2019). Changing How Writing Is Taught. Review of Research in Education, 43(1), 277–303.

Strategy #2

Strategy-Focused Direct Instruction

Strategy-focused instruction is one of the most effective approaches to improve writing skills. It teaches developing writers strategies that give them executive control over their writing processes through direct instruction, modeling, and scaffolded practice.

Lopez, P. (2017). Effects of Direct Instruction and Strategy Modeling on Upper-Primary Students' Writing Development. Frontiers Psychology.

Strategy #3

Teacher Modeling & Exemplar Usage

We provide age-appropriate model texts for every unit that reflect the elements of the writing genre students should replicate. Research shows students in the Models group received significantly higher scores than students without models.

Charney, D., & Carlson, R. (1995). Learning to write in a genre. Research in the Teaching of English, 29, 88–125.

Strategy #4

Teacher Clarity

Teacher clarity goes beyond simply writing standards on the board. We provide clear purpose, success criteria, and learning goals for every lesson — a logical pathway from where students are to where we want them to be.

Hattie, J. (2010). Visible learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. Routledge.

Strategy #5

Graphic Organizers

Graphic organizers provide a necessary visual element for ELL and visual learners. Students using a concept- mapping learning strategy do better and retain learning longer than those limited to text-only strategies.

Harris, K. R., & Graham, S. (1996). Making the Writing Process Work: Strategies for Composition and Self-Regulation.

Strategy #6

Consistent & Timely Feedback

Feedback is the cornerstone of revision. Alongside peer and teacher feedback strategies, we include many self-assessment opportunities built around the principle that "where to next" comments are necessary for student improvement.

Hattie, J. A., & Clarke, S. (2019). Visible learning: Feedback. Routledge.

“At the beginning of the year, my students could not even write a proper sentence. Now, they are writing one to two solid paragraphs, using proper writing conventions and finding themselves more comfortable with the writing and creative process. One of the best parts of the program is being able to work on targeted skills, there are so many supports offered, that I can teach them how to write, but work in smaller groups at the same time, focusing on specific skills. It was amazing the growth that I witnessed. At the beginning of the year, my students took a test focusing on writing, grammar, conventions of writing, etc. Of my 22 students, only 2 of them passed. We just recently took the test again, and 19 earned passing scores!” 

Amy, 5th Grade Teacher

Mishakawa, IN